疫苗是用来预防疾病,尤其是流行性疾病的一种有效方法。随着新冠肺炎在全球的感染率居高不下,一些国家开始采用打疫苗、或接种疫苗的方式来实现免疫。疫苗接种备受关注,随着政府批准国药集团的一款新冠病毒灭活疫苗上市,北京、武汉等多个城市已开始对重点人群有序开展疫苗接种工作。那么今天我们学习一下疫苗用英文怎么说呢?
一 、“疫苗”的英文是 vaccine
coronavirus disease 新冠病毒例:
Traditionally it might take six to nine months to formulate the right
vaccine.
从传统上来说,配制出适当的疫苗可能需要六至九个月的时间。
This vaccine protects against some kinds of the bacteria.
这种疫苗能抵抗这些细菌中的某几种。
vaccine的动词形式是vaccinate 给…接种疫苗
因为是接种疫苗,是被动的
所以“打疫苗”可以说get vaccinated
例:
Most people got vaccinated when they were young.
大部分人在小时候都打过疫苗。
inject 注射
inject vaccine打疫苗
例:
A number of politicians got injected with vaccine on TV.
很多政客都在电视上注射了疫苗。
另外,“打疫苗;接种疫苗”也可以用be vaccinated
例:
The children were vaccinated against the major childhood diseases.
孩子们接种了预防主要儿童疾病的疫苗。
We are going to the hospital to be vaccinated for the COVID-19.
我们要去医院打新冠疫苗。
有的疫苗需要打两剂 = 2 dosesdose 一剂a dose of penicillin 一剂青霉素a dose of vaccine 一剂疫苗例:
The label says to take one dose three times a day.
标签上写着每次一剂,每日三次。
二、几种常见的疫苗名称:
COVID-19新冠疫苗
Influenza vaccine 流感疫苗
Polio vaccine 小儿麻痹疫苗
Chickenpox vaccine 水痘疫苗
rabies vaccine/tetanus vaccine狂犬病疫苗
pertussis vaccine百日咳疫苗
例:
Little babies should inject vaccine to against disease.
小宝宝应该接种疫苗来抵抗疾病。
三、"免疫"英文怎么说?
01.immune 形容词,免疫的
be immune to 对...免疫例:
Most people who've had chickenpox once are immune to it for the rest of their lives.
大多数出过水痘的人终生都对此病具有免疫力。
02.immunize 动词,使免疫
例:
Vaccines immunize us against smallpox.
疫苗让我们对天花免疫。
03.immunity 名词,免疫力
例:
The vaccination gives you immunity against the disease for up to six months.
注射这种疫苗会使你对这种疾病有长达6个月的免疫。
四、"群体免疫"英文怎么说?
“群体免疫” = herd immunity
herd有“人群”的意思例:
Health officials worry that herd immunity will be threatened as more parents choose not to get vaccinated .
卫生官员担心,随着越来越多的父母选择不接种疫苗,群体免疫将受到威胁。
Millions of Britons will need to contract COVID-19 for "herd immunity".
数百万英国人需要感染新冠病毒来获得“群体免疫”。
五、有关疫情的高频词汇
01..novel coronavirus /kə,rəunə'vaiərəs/ 新型冠状病毒
novel同学们熟悉的意思是“小说”名词属性。它还可以作形容词,意为“新奇的;异常的”。
例:Infection with a novel coronavirus has been implicated as the cause of SARS.
一种新的冠状病毒已被确定为本病的致病因子。
02.pneumonia /njuːˈməʊniə/ 肺炎
例;He could heal you of your pneumonia, you'd better go to see him as soon as possible.
他可以治好你的肺炎,你最好尽快去找他给你医治。
03.pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus 新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎
04.quarantine /ˈkwɒrəntiːn/ 隔离
05.incubation /ˌɪŋkjuˈbeɪʃn/ period 潜伏期
06.suspected case 疑似病例
07.confirmed case 确诊病例
08.close contact 密切接触者
09.be under medical observation 接受医学观察
例:It’s said that he is going to be under medical observation.
据说他将接受医学观察。
10.patient in critical condition 重症患者